Economic cooperation between Uzbekistan and Türkiye is carried out within the framework of signed bilateral agreements and established intergovernmental mechanisms. Regular high-level contacts also help strengthen these relations.

In 2023, the President of the Republic of Türkiye paid an official visit to Uzbekistan, during which an Uzbekistan – Türkiye business forum was held. Following the visit, a substantial package of intergovernmental and commercial documents covering key economic sectors, totaling approximately $10 billion, was signed.

In June 2024, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan paid an official visit to Türkiye. During the visit, a meeting of the High-Level Strategic Cooperation Council was held, and a package of essential agreements, protocols, and roadmaps to expand trade, economic, and investment cooperation was signed.

Within the framework of bilateral trade, a most-favored-nation regime is in effect, along with a Preferential Trade Agreement.

Türkiye is among Uzbekistan’s key trade and economic partners, ranking fourth in total trade turnover and imports, and fifth in exports.

In 2025, Türkiye’s share in Uzbekistan’s foreign trade turnover amounted to 3.7 percent of total trade, 3.4 percent of exports, and 4 percent of imports.

Between 2017 and 2025, bilateral trade between Uzbekistan and Türkiye increased 1.9-fold, reaching $3 billion by the end of 2025. Exports to Türkiye grew 1.3 times to $1.1 billion, while imports from Türkiye increased 2.8 times to $1.9 billion.

At the same time, the trade deficit was $751.6 million, driven by faster growth in imports than in exports.

In 2025, Uzbekistan’s exports to Türkiye were composed of the following commodity groups:

industrial goods (copper products, yarn, and others) – $511.4 million (45%);

various manufactured products (mainly precious metal products) – $152.3 million (13.4%);

chemical products (polymers, fertilizers, and others) – $124.3 million (11%);

machinery and transport equipment – $80.1 million (7%);

food products (dried fruits and nuts) – $63 million (5.5%);

petroleum products (gasoline, gas oil) – $36.6 million (3.2%);

non-food raw materials – $18 million (1.6%);

services (mainly transport) – $149.9 million (13.2%).

In 2025, the leading share of imports from Türkiye was accounted for by the following commodity groups:

machinery and transport equipment – $674.6 million (35.7%);

chemical products – $408.9 million (21.7%);

industrial goods – $390.2 million (20.7%);

various manufactured products – $136.2 million (7.2%);

food products – $94.6 million (5%);

petroleum products (lubricants) – $30.2 million (1.6%);

non-food raw materials – $30.1 million (1.6%);

services – $117.4 million (6.2%).

An Agreement on the Promotion and Mutual Protection of Investments is in force between the two countries. As of January 1, 2026, 2,137 enterprises with Turkish capital were operating in Uzbekistan, of which 496 are joint ventures, and 1,641 are wholly Turkish-owned enterprises.

The total volume of direct investments and loans from Türkiye between 2017 and 2025 amounted to $9 billion, of which $2.6 billion was attracted in 2025.

Thus, Turkish capital is steadily expanding its presence in Uzbekistan’s economy. At the same time, investments are primarily directed toward priority sectors of Uzbekistan’s economic development – the energy sector, processing industries, agriculture, and construction.

In particular, the Turkish company Cengiz Enerji is constructing thermal power plants with capacities of 240 MW in Tashkent region and 220 MW in Syrdarya region.

In recent years, there has been a steady increase in trade volumes, investment, and the number of enterprises with Turkish capital, as well as an expansion of areas of economic cooperation.

Mohigul Qosimova, UzA